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Additionally, tobacco is also targeted by tobacco hornworm. Host plants of both species include members of the Solanaceae family such as tomato, pepper, potato, eggplant, along with various nightshade flowering plants. Tomato and tobacco hornworms can both be found throughout Utah attacking host plants. Tomato hornworms are the larval stage of the fivespotted hawkmoth (Manduca quinquemaculata) and tobacco hornworms are the larval stage of the Carolina sphinx moth (Manduca sexta). Both are equivalent in size and appearance. Tomato and tobacco hornworms are closely related species that cause similar damage to the same host plants.

In Utah, hornworms reach peak population in mid-summer.

Hornworms are managed by careful monitoring, hand-picking, and insecticides.

Hornworms feed on leaves, stems, blossoms, and fruits of host plants.

Tomato and tobacco hornworms are the larval stages of the five-spotted hawk moth and Carolina sphinx moth.

Insecticides applied for grape berry moth or leafhoppers should control eight-spotted forester as well. Larger vines can usually tolerate some leaf area loss from their feeding.Īlthough commercial vineyards are not usually damaged severely, small areas within a vineyard may have concentrated infestations and defoliation. Hornworms are more of a concern in young vineyards with limited leaf area. The fully grown larvae then burrow into the soil to pupate. The larva passes through 5 larval stages in 3 to 4 weeks. It lays eggs mainly on the underside of the grape leaf in early summer and larvae hatch 2 to 8 days later. Hornworms overwinter as pupae in the soil. Manduca sexta (tobacco hornworm) Manduca quinquemaculata (tomato hornworm) and various other moths of the family Sphingidae Larger vines can usually tolerate some leaf area loss from their feeding.

Threshold Hornworms are more of a concern in young vineyards with limited leaf area. Look defoliation and large droppings (frass) on the ground beneath the vine. At dusk they can be spotted on the outside of the plant. Hornworms are often difficult to see because of their protective colouring and because they feed on the interior of the plant during the day.

Hornworm larvae may be present in vineyards during the mid- to late summer. Entire leaves consumed, leaving petioles and stems bare.Seven or eight conspicuous white to orange v-shaped markings down each side.Mature larvae measure 8 cm (3 ½ in.) in length.Large, smooth, green to red caterpillars.Scientific Name Manduca sexta (Tobacco hornworm) Manduca quinquemaculata (Tomato hornworm)Īnd various other moths of the family Sphingidae